Back and lumbar pain is one of the most common complaints in medicine.It is in second place in the number of all appeals, the second only for respiratory disease.Most pathologies can cause lower back pain, but very often the cause is osteochondrosis from the lumbar region.How to treat such a disease, which symptoms and signs it have will be considered below.
Not long ago, medical science believed that osteochondrosis in the lumbosacral department occurred exclusively due to age -related changes that carry vertebral and intervertebral discs.However, today the nature of age is not unusual, lumbar spinal osteochondrosis is diagnosed in patients in various age groups.To date, the cut -off age is considered over 25 years
The cause of the appearance of osteochondrosis from the lower back
It is impossible to name the right cause, almost always it will be a comprehensive effect of a variety of destructive factors, among them the most important to be distinguished:
- Compliance with a passive lifestyleIn terms of motor activity.By their own will, people who are not moving, for example, spend many hours on the computer, do not receive a useful load, which is why the "corset" muscles occur and the load on the vertebra increases.In addition, almost always hobbies are associated with long accommodation in the wrong and unreasonable pose.
- Hormone background problems, which leads to infringement with metabolism, which affects the metabolism of the spinal tissue in the lower back and contributes to a destructive process.This also includes endocrine disease.
- The presence of congenital deviations or obtained, when the musculoskeletal system undergoes certain changes.This can be shown in increased load on the spinal column, for example, patients with the presence of flat feet, leg or spine curvature.
- The burden increases chronicAt the bottom.Here, among the risks are people with certain types of professional activities, usually associated with weight lifting.This also includes professional athletes who always expose their bodies to peak loads.
- Affected food and daily routine.This also includes regular exposure to stress.These factors are reflected in the metabolism process and influence their periodic recovery.
The degree of lumbar spine osteochondrosis
The pathological factors above gradually lead to manifestations of the disease.However, it can manifest in different ways, almost without symptoms at first or with difficult pain in late development.Consider the main degree of development of osteochondrosis:
- The condition in which the jet nucleus moves in the intervertebral disc.It is characterized by pain caused by irritation of the nerve root of the fibrous ring and longitudinal ligaments.The discomfort is felt in a place where the disk of the defective is placed.Pain can be either sharp with bastard, or stupid stupid.
- When the fibrous layer of the intervertebral disc is destroyed, there is an increase in the movement of the spinal column elements in this area, they become unstable with each other.To eliminate the manifestation of this pathology, it is necessary to always maintain the muscles of this zone tense, which as a result leads to chronic fatigue at the bottom.
- Next, there is a success in the fibrous ring, which is why the nucleus comes out of the disc, forming an intervertebral hernia.Such cases will be accompanied by excess nerves, called "radical syndrome."
- The next level of osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral department occurs with severe deformation of the spine in this section.There is a problem with mobility, but the pain syndrome, is quite strange at this stage, is relieved.However, you do not need to be happy, this is not talking about the fading of the disease.
- The last degree is characterized by the growth of bone tissue pathology and general deterioration in well -being.
Based on the level of osteochondrosis of the lower back, certain methods of treatment are used.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis in the lower back
The main symptoms are combat syndrome in the lumbar spine.At the same time, the sensation of pain, their localization zone and the direction in which they spread may vary.This is due to the fact that based on the level of damage to the intervertebral disc and the surrounding fabric, certain nerve receptors are disrupted.In addition, the role is played by the presence of a hernia or directly, its direction and many other factors.
The main symptoms for lumbar spinal osteochondrosis include:
- The presence of lower back pain, which has a tendency to increase with sharp mobility or, rather, staying without posture changes for a long time.The pain declines if you take a horizontal position.
- In addition, weakness in the body may be under the stomach, including lower limbs, as well as tendon reflexes.
- There is a high probability of presence of curvature in the lumbar spine column.There is a classification of such curvature, for example, with an emphasis on the right or left, they talk about scoliosis, lordosis is called a forward bent condition, and kyphosis is called when natural lumbar, like, is smooth.
- With serious stages of disease progression, the spinal cord can, which can cause dysfunction and lead to uncontrolled urination and stools.
Among the additional symptoms, they notice:
- The presence of numbness and "cold" of the lower back and lower back.
- The skin is peeling, dry and blue in the same place.
- The downfall of urine.
- Problems with erection.
The presence of these symptoms should warn someone, you cannot wave them by hand, this will only lead to greater neglect.In this case, you should definitely consult your doctor for the right diagnosis and treatment.In this way, treatment can be in the hospital and in the home environment, but more later.
Diagnosis of a disease
In diagnosis, it is important to understand the level of disease.Usually, this method is unknown and in addition to conducting examinations that provide a more detailed clinical picture:
- By radiography, cheap and widespread methods, it is possible to evaluate the two spine in whole and individual vertebrae, for example, the lumbar region considered.This technique is not very accurate, it only allows indirect to understand how integral intervertebral discs and spinal canal.
- Computed tomographyMore accurate methods for assessing the degree of damage to the disc between the vertebra, the nerve root and the canal with the spinal cord.
- Magnetic resonance tomographyThe most accurate method provides a complete picture of defeat in the details, but is quite expensive and inaccessible.
It should be noted that the diagnostic process is very important, because for doctors, when prescribing treatment tactics, all details of osteochondrosis developed are important.
Complications for osteochondrosis
The main complications of pathology are hernia and protrusions, of course, if you ignore the treatment and allow the development of the disease with gear.Other complications can be:
- Sciatic nerve inflammation.
- Spondylarthrosis.
- Hernia Schmorl.
- Spondylosis.
- Problems caused by spinal cubes.
- Functional disruption in the pelvis.
- Development of deficiencies.
The treatment of lower back osteochondrosis
With the diagnosis of lumbar spinal osteochondrosis, various therapies are required, the main aspects that will be:
- Moderate load use.
- Special medicine.
- Spinal column attraction.
- Manual therapy session.
- Physiotherapy.
- Therapeutic massage.
The concept of "treatment" for osteochondrosis implies:
- Inflammation suppression.
- Removes pain syndrome.
- Complex to strengthen the lumbar and adjacent muscle groups.
- Eliminates chronic muscle tension.
- Improve the function of the organs in the pelvis.
- Normalization of blood circulation and metabolism in the pathological zone.
Treatment with medications
The same approach in the treatment of lower osteochondrosis includes taking medications, special drug injections, use of ointment and gel for external use.The main task of such medicines is to neutralize the pain and the process of inflammation.
Based on the level of spinal osteochondrosis in the lumbar region, the following medications can be prescribed by your doctor:
- Analgesic that has anesthetic effects.
- Preparation for original inflammation is not stable.
- With muscle cramps, antispasmodic.
- Medicines for cartilage recovery, called chondroprotectors.Its effectiveness is not proven, so they are rarely used in traditional medicine.
- In the case of serious pathology, when the above funds do not help, use corticosteroids.
- Vitamin complex.
In addition to these funds, medicines are prescribed in the tablet, the purpose is to calm the nervous system, struggle with stress and depression.
Physiotherapy treatment for lower back osteochondrosis osteochondrosis
The treatment process is rarely limited to only taking pills.The pathology under consideration cannot be cured without stimulating the spinal recovery process.For this purpose, various physiotherapeutic procedures are used, the most popular is:
- Phonophoresis.
- Therapy with the current of the diadynamic.
- Laser therapy.
In addition, the spine must be a useful load, at the same time breaking it.Various types of therapeutic massages are ideal for this.Keep in mind that massage is only used for pain released.As a rule, it is carried out as a measure of recovery with the process of remission of the disease, or with chronic osteochondrosis.After the massage, the muscles that are overcome by the disease rest well, the effect will increase significantly with simultaneous heating, for example, in a bath or sauna.In the second case, we will be the maximum effect due to the additional stimulation of blood circulation in the pathology and surrounding areas.
Another method of physiotherapy is manual therapy.The advantage of it is generally the same as the massage, but in addition to the technique, the specialist can return the vertebrae transferred to the normal position.
Therapeutic gymnastics
Therapeutic gymnastics is also used as a measure of recovery and prevention during the pain and inflammation processes has been released.High efficiency of therapeutic training in training regularity, in this case, damaged areas will always receive motor activities needed for new generation and new recovery.
Surgical surgery for lower back osteochondrosis
Surgical surgery is an extreme step set for serious complications.The most common is the intervertebral hernia when "disketomy" is performed or removal of the affected intervertebral disc.This operation is very effective, however, becoming extreme, the purpose only occurs if other therapy methods have no results for more than 6 months.Modern medicine also offers less traumatic methods to carry out such operations, for example, microsurgical or endoscopic methods.